Failure to follow this basic principle of population science -- a common complaint about research in the cognitive sciences -- can profoundly skew the results of brain imaging studies, leading to ...

Statistics are often estimated from a sample rather than from the entire population. If the inclusion probability of the sample is unknown to the researcher, that is, a nonprobability sample, naively ...

Confirmation bias happens when you unconsciously focus on ideas that match what you already believe. Possible reasons include wishful thinking, anxiety, info overload, and the need to protect yourself ...