For patients with kidney stones measuring one to two centimeters, a technique called mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) provides a higher stone elimination rate than another minimally ...

Using a flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath (FANS) rather than mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for 2-3 cm kidney stones has been controversial.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is an efficient, minimally-invasive, gold standard procedure used for removing large kidney stones. Creating an access from the skin on the back to the ...

The stone-free rate was higher after ECIRS vs PCNL for complex renal stones. Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) demonstrates greater efficacy for treating complex kidney stones compared ...

Since the introduction of shockwave lithotripsy in 1980 for the management of renal stones, minimally invasive therapy for urolithiasis has improved and various new techniques have been introduced. [3 ...